
<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;">Here’s a weather forecast for this fall and winter - and it is a forecast, not a definite statement of what will happen.<div>Being a “Canadian”, this conversational topic was of interest to me.<br><div>Allan<br><div><blockquote type="cite"><br><div><meta charset="UTF-8"><a href="" style="font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244);"><img src="https://link.theatlantic.com/img/61727ece6385576a2d229dacjfa1a.vzh/6e5256cc.gif" alt="" border="0"></a><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span><div class="o-full-wrap l-body-container js-full-content" style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; max-width: 600px; margin: 0px auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><table role="presentation" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" class="c-header__meta" style="padding-top: 16px; font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(94, 106, 116); line-height: 18px; letter-spacing: 0.5px; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;"><span class="c-header__date">WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2023</span></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="center" class="c-header" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; padding: 12px 24px 32px;"><div class="full-wrap"><table role="presentation" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" class="c-planetheader__art-container"><img src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/media/files/planet-2.png" alt="Weekly Planet" width="100%" class="c-header__art js-text-remove" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none; width: 552px;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="c-author" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" class="c-author__content" style="padding: 0px 24px 24px;"><table role="presentation" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><h3 class="c-author__name" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px;"><a class="c-author__link simpleLink" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2F1dGhvci9sb2lzLWZhcnJvdy1wYXJzaGxleS8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB89beefe3" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; text-decoration: none; font-size: 18px;">Lois Parshley</a></h3><span class="c-author__bio" style="color: rgb(94, 106, 116); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-weight: 400; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; text-transform: uppercase;">CLIMATE JOURNALIST</span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="--accent-color: #d5e056; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td class="c-rich-text" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding: 0px 24px 24px;"><div style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"><strong>First</strong>: Thanks to El Niño, America could be in for rough fall and winter.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong>Then</strong>: This is an unprecedented hurricane season.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="c-imgpromo" bgcolor="#f7f7f7" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); margin: 24px 0px; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" width="100%" class="c-imgpromo__container" style="padding: 0px 24px 24px;"><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="center" width="100%"><p class="c-imgpromo__text" style="color: rgb(133, 146, 164); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 400; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.33px; line-height: 18px; margin: 16px 0px 12px;">ADVERTISEMENT</p></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="center" width="100%"><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="c-promoimg" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" class="c-promoimg__container" bgcolor="#f7f7f7" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><a class="c-promoimg__link" target="_blank" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9ycy1zdHJpcGUudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3N0cmlwZS9yZWRpcmVjdD9jc19lbWFpbD1kYzdiMTAzNWM1NTQyYjJlMjllODIwNDBiM2NkNjViMjJjNzg3MGQ2MzQwZDNmYmYyYTYyYTdlM2MxYWYwN2FhJmNzX3N0cmlwZWlkPTM4NjYxJmNzX3NlbmRpZD13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0LTIwMjMtMDktMDYmZGZwX25ld3NsZXR0ZXI9d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZjc19vZmZzZXQ9MCZjc19lc3A9c2FpbHRocnU/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBcf0028ee" style="text-decoration: none;"><img class="c-promoimg__img" src="https://rs-stripe.theatlantic.com/stripe/image?cs_email=dc7b1035c5542b2e29e82040b3cd65b22c7870d6340d3fbf2a62a7e3c1af07aa&cs_stripeid=38661&cs_sendid=weekly-planet-2023-09-06&dfp_newsletter=weekly-planet&cs_offset=0&cs_esp=silverpop" alt="" width="300" height="auto" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none; max-width: 100%;"></a></td></tr></tbody></table><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9ycy1zdHJpcGUudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2JyYW5kaW5nLz91dG1fc291cmNlPWNvbnRlbnRzdHJpcGUmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXJzXzM4NjYxJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9bG9nbyZyc190eXBlPWRmcA/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB0fc1307f" target="_blank" ref="nofollow" style="display: inline-block; border: 0px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;"><img src="https://rs-stripe.theatlantic.com/branding/recommend/short.png" width="175" height="auto" border="0" alt="Learn more about RevenueStripe" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="--accent-color: #d5e056; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td class="c-rich-text" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding: 0px 24px 24px;"><h1 class="e-h1" style="margin: 12px 0px 24px; font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(57, 67, 75); line-height: 40px; padding-top: 16px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(213, 224, 86);">A Devastating Season</h1><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="c-imgblock" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" class="c-imgblock__container c-imgblock__container--richtext" style="padding: 0px 0px 24px;"><img class="c-imgblock__img" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/eJcUAOWhhZdvahm04EAZq-txIk0=/700x467/media/newsletters/2023/09/GettyImages_1549173068/original.jpg" alt="A man pours a jug of water over his head." width="588" height="auto" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none; max-width: 100%;"><p class="c-imgblock__meta" style="margin: 4px 0px 0px; text-align: left;"><span class="c-imgblock__attribution" style="font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(94, 106, 116); line-height: 15px;">(Brandon Bell/Getty)</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3NjaWVuY2UvYXJjaGl2ZS8yMDIzLzA5L2ZhbGwtd2ludGVyLWhlYXQtZWwtbmluby1jbGltYXRlLWNoYW5nZS82NzUyMzgvP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB784f7951" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);"><em>View in browser</em></a></p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">On Labor Day, you could<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2FzaGluZ3RvbnBvc3QuY29tL3dlYXRoZXIvMjAyMy8wOS8wNC9oZWF0LXdhdmUtbWlkd2VzdC1taWRhdGxhbnRpYy1kYy8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB21690002" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">drive from</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Minnesota’s border with Canada all the way to where Louisiana hits the Gulf of Mexico and not encounter a high under 90 degrees. The heat hasn’t broken: Today,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGVhdC5nb3YvP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwNzEyJnV0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB8ab9d023" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">nearly a third of Americans</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>are sweltering under heat alerts.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Such weather is a fitting end to a devastating season, the kind you run out of superlatives for. This summer, climate extremes suddenly seemed to be everywhere, all at once. It was the world’s<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9jbGltYXRlLm5hc2EuZ292L25ld3MvMzI3Ni9uYXNhLWZpbmRzLWp1bmUtMjAyMy1ob3R0ZXN0LW9uLXJlY29yZC8jOn46dGV4dD1KdW5lJTIwMjAyMyUyMHdhcyUyMHRoZSUyMGhvdHRlc3Qsb24lMjBzaGlwcyUyMGFuZCUyMG9jZWFuJTIwYnVveXMuP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBf687fcd8" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">hottest June</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>since humans started keeping track.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubm9hYS5nb3YvbmV3cy9yZWNvcmQtc2hhdHRlcmluZy1lYXJ0aC1oYWQtaXRzLWhvdHRlc3QtanVseS1pbi0xNzQteWVhcnMjOn46dGV4dD1UaGUlMjBhdmVyYWdlJTIwZ2xvYmFsJTIwc3VyZmFjZSUyMHRlbXBlcmF0dXJlLEVhcnRoJ3MlMjB3YXJtZXN0JTIwbW9udGglMjBvbiUyMHJlY29yZC4_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBa30ef707" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">July was even worse.</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9lYXJ0aG9ic2VydmF0b3J5Lm5hc2EuZ292L2ltYWdlcy8xNTE2MzIvcmVsZW50bGVzcy1oZWF0LWluLXRoZS1zb3V0aHdlc3Q_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB4124764f" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">Phoenix—which<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></a><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9lYXJ0aG9ic2VydmF0b3J5Lm5hc2EuZ292L2ltYWdlcy8xNTE2MzIvcmVsZW50bGVzcy1oZWF0LWluLXRoZS1zb3V0aHdlc3Q_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacC4124764f" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);"><em>averaged</em></a><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9lYXJ0aG9ic2VydmF0b3J5Lm5hc2EuZ292L2ltYWdlcy8xNTE2MzIvcmVsZW50bGVzcy1oZWF0LWluLXRoZS1zb3V0aHdlc3Q_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacD4124764f" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>102 degrees in July—</a><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9lYXJ0aG9ic2VydmF0b3J5Lm5hc2EuZ292L2ltYWdlcy8xNTE2MzIvcmVsZW50bGVzcy1oZWF0LWluLXRoZS1zb3V0aHdlc3Q_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacE4124764f" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">got so hot</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>that people received<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2JjLmNhL3JhZGlvL3RoZWN1cnJlbnQvYXJpem9uYS1pcy1zby1ob3QtcGF2ZW1lbnRzLWFyZS1naXZpbmctcGVvcGxlLXRoaXJkLWRlZ3JlZS1idXJucy1zYXlzLWRvY3Rvci0xLjY5MTI2MzU_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBa4bc1968" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">third-degree burns</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>from touching doorknobs. In Iowa, livestock<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmV1dGVycy5jb20vd29ybGQvdXMvaGVhdC1odW1pZGl0eS1raWxsLWh1bmRyZWRzLXVzLWNhdHRsZS1kdXJpbmctd29ybGRzLWhvdHRlc3QtbW9udGgtMjAyMy0wOC0wNy8jOn46dGV4dD1MYXN0JTIwc3VtbWVyJTJDJTIwdGhlJTIwc3RhdGUlMjBoYWQsd2F2ZSUyMGNhdWdodCUyMHByb2R1Y2VycyUyMG9mZiUyMGd1YXJkLj91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB3003d497" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">dropped dead</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in their pens. The disasters weren’t limited to heat: Canadian wildfires<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93ZWF0aGVyLmNvbS9uZXdzL25ld3MvMjAyMy0wNi0wNi1jYW5hZGlhbi13aWxkZmlyZS1zbW9rZS1ub3J0aGVhc3QtYWlyLXF1YWxpdHk_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBd05aad02" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">blanketed</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>large swaths of the United States in smoke, flash floods<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbWJyb29rLmNvbS9yZXNlYXJjaC9lbnZpcm9ubWVudC90dWxhcmUtbGFrZS1mbG9vZGluZy1iaW9oYXphcmQtcnVub2ZmP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB49331dd0" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">thundered through</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Vermont, and wildfires reduced parts of Maui to rubble.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Pumpkin spice is already back on the Starbucks menu, but fall isn’t poised to provide a respite. El Niño, the warm phase of a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2xpbWF0ZS5nb3YvbmV3cy1mZWF0dXJlcy9ibG9ncy9lbnNvL3doYXQtZWwtbmklQzMlQjFvJUUyJTgwJTkzc291dGhlcm4tb3NjaWxsYXRpb24tZW5zby1udXRzaGVsbD91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB6ec92530" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">naturally recurring cycle</a>that can wreak havoc on global weather patterns, has<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY3BjLm5jZXAubm9hYS5nb3YvcHJvZHVjdHMvYW5hbHlzaXNfbW9uaXRvcmluZy9lbnNvX2Fkdmlzb3J5L2Vuc29kaXNjLnNodG1sP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB58257441" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">officially returned</a>—and it’s predicted to be a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY3BjLm5jZXAubm9hYS5nb3YvcHJvZHVjdHMvYW5hbHlzaXNfbW9uaXRvcmluZy9lbnNvX2Fkdmlzb3J5L2Vuc29kaXNjLnNodG1sP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacC58257441" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">strong one</a>. The southern U.S. will likely be wetter, while forecasts are for a warm winter in the North. These cycles always have some variability, but experts say that the climate crisis has now raised temperatures to the extent that they may also<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmF0dXJlLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9zNDMwMTctMDIzLTAwNDI3LTg_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB1452ab9b" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">amplify</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>El Niño. This summer has shown starkly how climate change can supercharge the weather. This fall, El Niño could further magnify the problem.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Although El Niño technically started in June, it likely didn’t contribute much to this summer’s extremes. That was the climate crisis. Across the U.S., hundreds of temperature records fell. Kansas City’s<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9rY3RvZGF5LjZhbWNpdHkuY29tL2NpdHkvd2hhdC10by1leHBlY3QtZHVyaW5nLWthbnNhcy1jaXR5cy1oaXN0b3JpYy1oZWF0LXdhdmU_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBe39f04fe" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">heat index</a>approached that of Death Valley. Chicago had to reduce<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmJjY2hpY2Fnby5jb20vd2VhdGhlci9saXZlLWNoaWNhZ28taGVhdC13YXZlLXVwZGF0ZXMtc2Nob29scy1jYW5jZWxlZC1oZWF0LXN0cm9rZS1oZWF0LWV4aGF1c3Rpb24vMzIxMzEyNi8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB12d7a724" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">its trains’ speeds</a>because high temperatures stressed the tracks. “Historically, El Niño events during the summer have very little impact over the United States,” Michelle L’Heureux, a climate scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, told me. “Climate change, however, is having an impact.” Scientists once hesitated to say how global warming might worsen weather. Now they can accurately measure just<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc2NpZW50aWZpY2FtZXJpY2FuLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlL3doZW4tZGlzYXN0ZXItc3RyaWtlcy1pcy1jbGltYXRlLWNoYW5nZS10by1ibGFtZS8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBfe2b60bc" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">how much climate contributes</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to events such as heat waves. An international team of researchers<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud29ybGR3ZWF0aGVyYXR0cmlidXRpb24ub3JnL2V4dHJlbWUtaGVhdC1pbi1ub3J0aC1hbWVyaWNhLWV1cm9wZS1hbmQtY2hpbmEtaW4tanVseS0yMDIzLW1hZGUtbXVjaC1tb3JlLWxpa2VseS1ieS1jbGltYXRlLWNoYW5nZS8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB337ad791" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">found</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>that climate change made July’s heat waves in the U.S., Europe, and China hotter by as much as 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, as a result of climate change.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">After this summer’s extremes, it’s daunting to be entering the height of an El Niño cycle. Typically, because of the direction the world spins, winds move from east to west across the tropics. This blows warm surface water away from South America, where colder water<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9zY2llZC51Y2FyLmVkdS9sZWFybmluZy16b25lL2hvdy1jbGltYXRlLXdvcmtzL29jZWFuLXVwd2VsbGluZz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBea082fe9" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">swells up</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to replace it. But every two to seven years, these winds weaken and more warm water remains along the Americas—producing El Niño. (When the winds strengthen, you get its<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9vY2VhbnNlcnZpY2Uubm9hYS5nb3YvZmFjdHMvbmlub25pbmEuaHRtbD91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB87080a40" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">counterpart</a>, La Niña.) The Pacific Ocean is huge, covering a third of the Earth, so these cycles can cause dramatic variations in global storms and droughts. That’s why L’Heureux calls El Niño “the Great Nudger.” As she explains, “It nudges atmospheric patterns over the globe in certain directions that cause weather patterns to reoccur.”</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Unlike during La Niña, when a cooler ocean can absorb more heat, El Niño basically acts as a temporary boost to global warming—bumping global temperatures up by around a tenth of a degree Celsius, or roughly 0.2 degrees Fahrenheit. The effects, however, vary by location: Some places become colder, while others become much warmer. A strong El Niño during the winter of 1997–98, for example, caused<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnBzLmdvdi9hcnRpY2xlcy8xOTk3LTE5OTgtZWwtbmluby0xOTk4LTE5OTktbGEtbmluYS5odG0jOn46dGV4dD1XaW5kJTJEZHJpdmVuJTIwd2F2ZXMlMjBhbmQlMjBhYm5vcm1hbGx5LEFyZWElMkMlMjBhbmQlMjBQaW5uYWNsZXMlMjBOYXRpb25hbCUyME1vbnVtZW50Lj91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBf9c0471c" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">flooding</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in California, while Indonesia and the Philippines suffered under a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9yZWxpZWZ3ZWIuaW50L3JlcG9ydC93b3JsZC9lbC1uaSVDMyVCMW8tMTk5Ny0xOTk4LWltcGFjdHMtYW5kLWNhcmVzLXJlc3BvbnNlP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBc4260116" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">severe drought</a>. In 2016, another record El Niño contributed to what is still officially the world’s<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmNlaS5ub2FhLmdvdi9hY2Nlc3MvbW9uaXRvcmluZy9tb250aGx5LXJlcG9ydC9nbG9iYWwvMjAxNjEzIzp-OnRleHQ9UmVtYXJrYWJseSUyQyUyMHRoaXMlMjBpcyUyMHRoZSUyMHRoaXJkLEMlMjAoMC4wNyVDMiVCMEYpLj91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB7372176c" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">warmest year on record</a>; NOAA estimates it raised the annual global temperature<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmFzYS5nb3YvcHJlc3MtcmVsZWFzZS9uYXNhLW5vYWEtZGF0YS1zaG93LTIwMTYtd2FybWVzdC15ZWFyLW9uLXJlY29yZC1nbG9iYWxseT91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB5d1cadc9" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">0.12 degrees</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Celsius, or 0.2 degrees Fahrenheit, above average.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">The influence of El Niño is also<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9yZXNlYXJjaC5ub2FhLmdvdi8yMDIwLzExLzA5L25ldy1yZXNlYXJjaC12b2x1bWUtZXhwbG9yZXMtZnV0dXJlLW9mLWVuc28tdW5kZXItaW5mbHVlbmNlLW9mLWNsaW1hdGUtY2hhbmdlLz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB854c2603" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">potentially intensifying</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>because of climate change. Warmer air holds more moisture, setting the stage for more extreme precipitation; likewise, hotter temperatures<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1uaC5vcmcvZXhoaWJpdGlvbnMvY2xpbWF0ZS1jaGFuZ2UvY2hhbmdpbmctbGFuZC9lbnNvLWFuZC1kcm91Z2h0Izp-OnRleHQ9T25lJTIwbG9jYWwlMjBlZmZlY3QlMjBpcyUyMGhlYXZ5LHdlYWtlbmluZyUyMG9mJTIwdGhlJTIwSW5kaWFuJTIwbW9uc29vbi4_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBdecd9963" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">may worsen</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the drought conditions it already tends to bring to some locations. “El Niño impacts do not work in isolation anymore. There’s always a climate component,” L’Heureux said.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Unless you’re a mosquito in New Mexico, that is not good news for the fall and winter. Right now, satellites, sensors, and models suggest that ocean temperatures are gradually increasing, as the cycle gathers strength. El Niño’s<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2VhdGhlci5nb3YvbmV3cy8yMzA3MDYtRWxOaW5vIzp-OnRleHQ9RWwlMjBOaW5vJTIwaXMlMjBhJTIwbmF0dXJhbCxmYXIlMjBiZXlvbmQlMjB0aGUlMjBQYWNpZmljJTIwT2NlYW4uP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBbc98d4f1" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">impacts</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>will be most visible later this fall and into winter 2024. (It’s called El Niño, or “little boy” in Spanish, after the newborn Christ, because the cycle tends to peak around Christmas.) At that point, much of the southern U.S. will likely see wetter conditions. Meanwhile, the Pacific Northwest is predicted to be drier, while the northern part of the country may have a balmy winter. “Because it’s a climate forecast, and we can’t say anything definitively, we put<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY3BjLm5jZXAubm9hYS5nb3YvcHJvZHVjdHMvcHJlZGljdGlvbnMvbG9uZ19yYW5nZS9zZWFzb25hbC5waHA_bGVhZD00JnV0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBc83fe626" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">probabilities</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>on everything,” L’Heureux said.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Based on past El Niños, the U.S. may be in for more climate extremes. In 1997–98, for example, California saw<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9zY3JpcHBzLnVjc2QuZWR1L25ld3MvcmVzZWFyY2gtaGlnaGxpZ2h0LXdoeS13YXMtMjAxNS0xNi1lbC1uaW5vLWV2ZW50LXNvLWRyeT91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBbe3e44e1" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">150 percent</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>of its normal rainfall,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGF0aW1lcy5jb20vbG9jYWwvY2FsaWZvcm5pYS9sYS1tZS0wODIyLWVsLW5pbm8tMTk5Ny0yMDE1MDgyMi1zdG9yeS5odG1sP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB1057b82a" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">washing away roads</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and producing deadly, home-destroying mudslides. The Midwest<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9jbGltYXRlYXBwcy5kbnIuc3RhdGUubW4udXMvZG9jL2pvdXJuYWwvd2ludDc3Xzc4Lmh0bWw_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB17426c43" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">practically had no winter</a>, with some areas experiencing average temperatures 12 degrees warmer than in a normal year. Some may cheer a milder fall and winter, but that might also heighten the risk of troubling heat deeper into September and October. And warmer temperatures could set the stage for worse<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmlmYy5nb3YvbmljYy1maWxlcy9wcmVkaWN0aXZlL291dGxvb2tzL21vbnRobHlfc2Vhc29uYWxfb3V0bG9vay5wZGY_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBcb73414a" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">wildfires</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>next summer. That’s not to mention all the other downstream effects from knocking normal patterns out of whack. In 2016, for example, a cool, wet spring was great for fleas and other disease-carrying insects,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2xpbWF0ZS5nb3YvbmV3cy1mZWF0dXJlcy9ibG9ncy9lbnNvL2Vuc28tYW5kLXlvdXItaGVhbHRoLWhvdy0yMDE1LTE2LWVsLW5pJUMzJUIxby1sZWQtZWFybHktd2FybmluZ3MtZ2xvYmFsLWRpc2Vhc2U_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB3a9be756" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">increasing cases</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>of plague and West Nile in the Southwest. Going back to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2hvaS5lZHUvc2NpZW5jZS9CL3Blb3BsZS9rYW1hcmFsLzE5ODItMTk4M0VsTmluby5odG1sIzp-OnRleHQ9VGhlcmUlMjB3ZXJlJTIwYWxzbyUyMHNlY29uZGFyeSUyMHByb2JsZW1zLGZvb2QlMjBhbmQlMjB3YXRlciUyRCUyRHRoZT91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB40e8f7d2" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">1982–83</a>, unseasonable heat in Alaska was likely behind the reduced salmon harvest, while warmer waters caused a rash of shark bites off the Oregon coast.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Nor, of course, is El Niño merely a U.S.-specific problem. Just like with climate change, developing countries are often hit the hardest. Petteri Taalas, secretary-general of the World Meteorological Organization,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9wdWJsaWMud21vLmludC9lbi9tZWRpYS9wcmVzcy1yZWxlYXNlL2dsb2JhbC10ZW1wZXJhdHVyZXMtc2V0LXJlYWNoLW5ldy1yZWNvcmRzLW5leHQtZml2ZS15ZWFycz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB94ea9639" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">warned</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>that as a result of El Niño, the coming months may have “far-reaching repercussions for health, food security, water management and the environment.” The sum total of heat could cause global temperatures to surge past an infamous benchmark—1.5 degrees Celsius warmer than the preindustrial era,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2xpbWF0ZS5nb3YvbmV3cy1mZWF0dXJlcy9ibG9ncy9lbnNvL2F1Z3VzdC0yMDIzLWVsLW5pbm8tdXBkYXRlLWJhY2stc2Nob29sP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB1219742b" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">topping records</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>set during the last significant El Niño<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmNlaS5ub2FhLmdvdi9hY2Nlc3MvbW9uaXRvcmluZy9tb250aGx5LXJlcG9ydC9nbG9iYWwvMjAxNjEzIzp-OnRleHQ9UmVtYXJrYWJseSUyQyUyMHRoaXMlMjBpcyUyMHRoZSUyMHRoaXJkLEMlMjAoMC4wNyVDMiVCMEYpLj91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacC7372176c" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">in 2016</a>.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">L’Heureux leads NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center, and her team predicts that El Niño has a more than 95 percent chance of lasting through February 2024. After that, it’s hard to say. El Niños typically persist for about a year, but the exact timing and intensity of each cycle can vary. In a warmer future, El Niños may stretch longer. A recent<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmF0dXJlLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9zNDE1ODYtMDIzLTA2NDQ3LTAjU2VjMz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB9fb992c3" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);"><em>Nature</em></a><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmF0dXJlLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9zNDE1ODYtMDIzLTA2NDQ3LTAjU2VjMz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacC9fb992c3" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>paper</a>suggests there’s some early evidence that the transitions between El Niño and La Niña phases may be slowing down—which means that the conditions associated with them could stick around. The<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2xpbWF0ZS5nb3YvbmV3cy1mZWF0dXJlcy9ibG9ncy9lbnNvL3dhbGtlci1jaXJjdWxhdGlvbi1lbnNvcy1hdG1vc3BoZXJpYy1idWRkeT91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB9d2c9d00" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">Pacific Walker Circulation</a>, a massive atmospheric loop over much of the tropics, helps dictate these transitions, and many<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9saW5rLnNwcmluZ2VyLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlLzEwLjEwMDcvczAwMzgyLTAxMC0wOTUxLTc_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB372ff9a6" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">models project</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>that climate change will weaken this loop. As a result, “instead of single years of El Niño or La Niña conditions, we may experience more multiyear events,” says Georgina Falster, the paper’s lead author. Think extended droughts, more summers with weeks-long heat waves.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">These are complicated systems, and many parts of the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2xpbWF0ZS5nb3YvbmV3cy1mZWF0dXJlcy9ibG9ncy9lbnNvL3doYXQtZWwtbmklQzMlQjFvJUUyJTgwJTkzc291dGhlcm4tb3NjaWxsYXRpb24tZW5zby1udXRzaGVsbD91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacC6ec92530" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">El Niño</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>cycle still aren’t well understood. But figuring out how these cycles may be changing is important, because climate models rely on our best attempt at describing<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>current</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>conditions in order to make assumptions about how the world might change. If the assumptions aren’t accurate, they could alter our forecasts for<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3NjaWVuY2UvYXJjaGl2ZS8yMDIzLzA3L2NsaW1hdGUtY2hhbmdlLXRpcHBpbmctcG9pbnRzLzY3NDc3OC8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBe01a1ee4" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">climate impacts</a>. “There’s a lot of uncertainty” with these models, L’Heureux said. That’s true of how we experience climate change too. The weather in any given year can have a lot of variability, a point Senator James Inhofe’s<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cueW91dHViZS5jb20vd2F0Y2g_dj0zRTBhXzYwUE1SOCZ1dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBdcaff571" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">congressional snowball</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>accidentally made. Climate change may not always feel linear—this past summer, its impacts felt like they fast-forwarded. A hot winter, fueled in part by El Niño, doesn’t necessarily mean next summer will be even worse. But in the long term, the trend of higher temperatures is undebatable.</p><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Disconcertingly, this is all still just the overture to a world that looks very different from the one we’ve known to date. Allegra LeGrande, a physical-research scientist at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, told me that by the time her young children are in their 40s, “they won’t have a summer as cool as the summer has been.” Though researchers have predicted dire climate consequences for decades, many of the scientists I’ve spoken with this summer have wrestled with how to feel about the recent drumbeat of broken records. For her part, LeGrande has been coping by bingeing survival shows like<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Alone</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>that drop contestants in the wilderness to see how long they can withstand the elements—a cinematic version of the shifting reality many are already starting to face off-screen.</p><div style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">No matter how much you study or read about the climate crisis, it hits differently when you have to confront it every time you walk outside. After this summer’s strangeness, the science may be complicated, but the conclusion is simple: Even when this<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2xpbWF0ZS5nb3YvbmV3cy1mZWF0dXJlcy9ibG9ncy9lbnNvL3doYXQtZWwtbmklQzMlQjFvJUUyJTgwJTkzc291dGhlcm4tb3NjaWxsYXRpb24tZW5zby1udXRzaGVsbD91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacD6ec92530" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">El Niño</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>dissipates and the world returns to a cooler phase, it won’t be enough to counteract the march toward a hothouse Earth. Only we can do that.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="c-imgpromo" bgcolor="#f7f7f7" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); margin: 24px 0px; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" width="100%" class="c-imgpromo__container" style="padding: 0px 24px 24px;"><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="center" width="100%"><p class="c-imgpromo__text" style="color: rgb(133, 146, 164); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 400; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.33px; line-height: 18px; margin: 16px 0px 12px;">ADVERTISEMENT</p></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="center" width="100%"><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="c-promoimg" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" class="c-promoimg__container" bgcolor="#f7f7f7" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><a class="c-promoimg__link" target="_blank" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9ycy1zdHJpcGUudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3N0cmlwZS9yZWRpcmVjdD9jc19lbWFpbD1kYzdiMTAzNWM1NTQyYjJlMjllODIwNDBiM2NkNjViMjJjNzg3MGQ2MzQwZDNmYmYyYTYyYTdlM2MxYWYwN2FhJmNzX3N0cmlwZWlkPTM4NjYxJmNzX3NlbmRpZD13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0LTIwMjMtMDktMDYmZGZwX25ld3NsZXR0ZXI9d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZjc19vZmZzZXQ9MCZjc19lc3A9c2FpbHRocnU/61727ece6385576a2d229dacCcf0028ee" style="text-decoration: none;"><img class="c-promoimg__img" src="https://rs-stripe.theatlantic.com/stripe/image?cs_email=dc7b1035c5542b2e29e82040b3cd65b22c7870d6340d3fbf2a62a7e3c1af07aa&cs_stripeid=38661&cs_sendid=weekly-planet-2023-09-06&dfp_newsletter=weekly-planet&cs_offset=0&cs_esp=silverpop" alt="" width="300" height="auto" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none; max-width: 100%;"></a></td></tr></tbody></table><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9ycy1zdHJpcGUudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2JyYW5kaW5nLz91dG1fc291cmNlPWNvbnRlbnRzdHJpcGUmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXJzXzM4NjYxJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9bG9nbyZyc190eXBlPWRmcA/61727ece6385576a2d229dacC0fc1307f" target="_blank" ref="nofollow" style="display: inline-block; border: 0px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;"><img src="https://rs-stripe.theatlantic.com/branding/recommend/short.png" width="175" height="auto" border="0" alt="Learn more about RevenueStripe" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="--accent-color: #d5e056; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td class="c-rich-text" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding: 0px 24px 24px;"><h1 class="e-h1" style="margin: 12px 0px 24px; font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(57, 67, 75); line-height: 40px; padding-top: 16px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(213, 224, 86);">Three More Things</h1><ol class="e-ol" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding-inline-start: 16px;"><li class="e-li" style="margin-bottom: 8px; padding-left: 4px;"><div style="margin: 0px;">The Biden administration will<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8wOS8wNi9jbGltYXRlL2JpZGVuLWRyaWxsaW5nLWFsYXNrYS13aWxkbGlmZS1yZWZ1Z2UuaHRtbD91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB86d2e565" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">reportedly cancel</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Trump-era drilling leases in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.</div></li><li class="e-li" style="margin-bottom: 8px; padding-left: 4px;"><div style="margin: 0px;">After the Maui wildfire, building a future for Lahaina’s Buddhist temples will mean drawing on nostalgia for a more distant past,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3NjaWVuY2UvYXJjaGl2ZS8yMDIzLzA5L21hdWktZmlyZS1oYXdhaWktbGFoYWluYS1idWRkaGlzdC10ZW1wbGVzLzY3NTIwMC8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB0a7eecf3" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">Martha Cheng writes</a>.</div></li><li class="e-li" style="margin-bottom: 8px; padding-left: 4px;"><div style="margin: 0px;">What happens when typical El Niño conditions meet abnormally hot oceans? This unprecedented hurricane season will show us,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3NjaWVuY2UvYXJjaGl2ZS8yMDIzLzA4L29jZWFuLWhlYXQtd2F2ZXMtaHVycmljYW5lLWlkYWxpYS82NzUxOTcvP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB873aa41e" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">writes Marina Koren</a>.</div></li></ol><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="e-hr__container" style="margin: 32px 0px; border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="center" class="e-hr" width="100%" style="width: 552px; border-right-style: unset; border-bottom-style: unset; border-left-style: unset; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(211, 220, 230);"></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="e-p" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">Did someone forward you this newsletter?<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL25ld3NsZXR0ZXJzL3NpZ24tdXAvd2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldD91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB32a3bfab" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">Sign up here.</a></p><div style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"><i>Explore<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><i><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://link.theatlantic.com/click/29381641.11692/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL25ld3NsZXR0ZXJzLz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249YXRsYW50aWMtZGFpbHktbmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIyMTAxNg/6050e2b21fc16d137f83c038B888c1a2f?utm_source%3Dnewsletter%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_campaign%3Datlantic-daily-newsletter%26utm_content%3D20221120&source=gmail&ust=1669076263133000&usg=AOvVaw0FT9aC-6eYp6UHNOGI2EDT" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/29381641.11692/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL25ld3NsZXR0ZXJzLz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249YXRsYW50aWMtZGFpbHktbmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIyMTAxNg/6050e2b21fc16d137f83c038B888c1a2f?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=atlantic-daily-newsletter&utm_content=20221120&utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=weekly-planet&utm_content=20230906" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">all of our newsletters</a>.</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td class="c-rich-text" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding: 0px 24px 24px;"><h1 class="e-h1" style="margin: 12px 0px 24px; font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(57, 67, 75); line-height: 40px; padding-top: 16px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(213, 224, 86);">Most Popular on<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>The Atlantic</em></h1><ol class="c-popular-block--list" style="padding-left: 0px; line-height: 28.5px; font-size: 19px; font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; list-style-position: inside; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li class="c-popular-block--list-element" style="padding-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2ludGVybmF0aW9uYWwvYXJjaGl2ZS8yMDIzLzA5L3J1c3NpYS11a3JhaW5lLWNoZXJub2J5bC1kaXNhc3Rlci82NzUwODMvP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBde8496b1" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">What Were the Russians Doing in Chornobyl?</a></li><li class="c-popular-block--list-element" style="padding-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2lkZWFzL2FyY2hpdmUvMjAyMy8wOS9kZXRyb2l0LWxpb25zLW5mbC1mb290YmFsbC1mYW4tZGVmZWF0LzY3NTIyMC8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB0e98cdfa" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">The Thrill of Defeat</a></li><li class="c-popular-block--list-element" style="padding-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2lkZWFzL2FyY2hpdmUvMjAyMy8wOS9tdXNrLWFudGlzZW1pdGlzbS1hbnRpLWRlZmFtYXRpb24tbGVhZ3VlLXR3aXR0ZXIvNjc1MjM1Lz91dG1fc291cmNlPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX21lZGl1bT1lbWFpbCZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249d2Vla2x5LXBsYW5ldCZ1dG1fY29udGVudD0yMDIzMDkwNg/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB0c903494" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">There’s a Word for Blaming Jews for Anti-Semitism</a></li><li class="c-popular-block--list-element" style="padding-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2lkZWFzL2FyY2hpdmUvMjAyMy8wOS95YWxlLWNvbGxlZ2UtdW5kZXJncmFkLWNsdWJzLWNvbXBldGl0aXZlLzY3NTIxOS8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPXdlZWtseS1wbGFuZXQmdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBe03d4c1c" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">Elite College Students Are Doing It to Themselves</a></li><li class="c-popular-block--list-element" style="padding-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2lkZWFzL2FyY2hpdmUvMjAyMy8wOS9tZXRhcGhvci1sZWdhbC1yZW1lZGllcy10cnVtcC82NzUyMzIvP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9bmV3c2xldHRlciZ1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWVtYWlsJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj13ZWVrbHktcGxhbmV0JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB933973a0" style="color: rgb(33, 39, 44);">The Metaphor That Explains Why America Needs to Prosecute Trump</a></li></ol></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" class="c-housepromo" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" class="c-housepromo__container" style="padding: 8px 24px 32px;"><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="100%" class="c-housepromo__title"><h1 class="c-housepromo__header" style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(57, 67, 75); line-height: 40px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding-top: 16px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(211, 220, 230);">Give The Atlantic</h1></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top"><a class="c-housepromo__link" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9hY2NvdW50cy50aGVhdGxhbnRpYy5jb20vcHJvZHVjdHMvb2ZmZXJzL2FjYWRlbWljLWdpZnQ_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPWF0bGFudGljLWRhaWx5LW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB34ee3267" style="text-decoration: none;"><img class="c-housepromo__img" alt="" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/xi66ITK7XH80x7tW2559xqymagE=/media/img/newsletter_native_promo/2023_08/NLModule_BTS/original.jpg" width="636" height="auto" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 24px; max-width: 100%;"></a></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="100%" class="c-housepromo__dek" style="display: block; padding-bottom: 24px;"><div style="font-family: AGaramondPro, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(33, 39, 44); line-height: 28.5px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Since 1857, The Atlantic has been home to bold reporting, beautiful writing, and era-defining ideas. Now for nearly half the price, you can turn our history into their personal library—full of writers and thinkers from W. E. B. Du Bois and Virginia Woolf to Ta-Nehisi Coates and Pulitzer winner Caitlin Dickerson. Give a student or educator in your life their best resource for research, now at 44% off.</div></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="center"><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="center" class="c-housepromo__btn" height="40" bgcolor="#21272c" style="background-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); border-radius: 4px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9hY2NvdW50cy50aGVhdGxhbnRpYy5jb20vcHJvZHVjdHMvb2ZmZXJzL2FjYWRlbWljLWdpZnQ_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9tZWRpdW09ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPWF0bGFudGljLWRhaWx5LW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX2NvbnRlbnQ9MjAyMzA5MDY/61727ece6385576a2d229dacC34ee3267" class="c-housepromo__btn--text" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18.5px; border-radius: 4px; padding: 8px 24px; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block;">Give an academic gift</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="c-footer full-wrap" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; color: rgb(94, 106, 116);"><div><hr class="c-footer__break" style="border: thin solid rgb(211, 220, 230); margin: 8px 24px 0px;"></div><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="center" class="c-footer__container" width="100%" style="padding: 24px; width: 552px; text-align: center;"><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td><div style="text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0px;">SHARE THE ATLANTIC NEWSLETTER:</div></td></tr><tr><td><table role="presentation" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center" style="border-collapse: collapse !important;"><tbody><tr><td class="c-footer__icon" style="padding: 16px 16px 24px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjZWJvb2suY29tL1RoZUF0bGFudGljLw/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB46005f49" target="_blank" title="Facebook"><img src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/assets/media/files/facebook-icon-dark.png" width="20" alt="Facebook Logo" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;"></a></td><td class="c-footer__icon" style="padding: 16px 16px 24px;"><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly90d2l0dGVyLmNvbS90aGVhdGxhbnRpYy8/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBa64541c2" target="_blank" title="Twitter"><img src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/media/files/twitter-icon-dark.png" width="20" alt="Twitter Logo" style="border: 0px; height: auto; line-height: 14px; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td><p class="c-footer__subscribe" style="margin: 0px 0px 18px;"><a class="c-footer__link" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3N1YnNjcmliZS8_dXRtX3NvdXJjZT1uZXdzbGV0dGVyJnV0bV9jYW1wYWlnbj1zdWJzY3JpcHRpb25zLWF0bGFudGljLWRhaWx5JnV0bV9jb250ZW50PTIwMjMwOTA2/61727ece6385576a2d229dacBf3a7478f" style="color: rgb(94, 106, 116);">Subscribe to The Atlantic</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span> |  Download The Atlantic app for<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="c-footer__link" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9wbGF5Lmdvb2dsZS5jb20vc3RvcmUvYXBwcy9kZXRhaWxzP2lkPWNvbS50aGVhdGxhbnRpYy5uZXdzc3RhbmQ/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB3213afa8" style="color: rgb(94, 106, 116);">Android</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="c-footer__link" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL2FwcC8/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB9c6de766" style="color: rgb(94, 106, 116);">iOS</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="c-footer__subscribe" style="margin: 0px 0px 18px;"><a class="c-footer__link" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL25ld3NsZXR0ZXJzLw/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB2edf9a5a" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(94, 106, 116);">See all of our newsletters</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span> | <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="c-footer__link" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL3ByaXZhY3ktcG9saWN5Lw/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB4d4d3684" style="color: rgb(94, 106, 116);">Privacy Policy</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span> | <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="c-footer__link" href="https://link.theatlantic.com/click/32625550.41453/aHR0cHM6Ly9zdXBwb3J0LnRoZWF0bGFudGljLmNvbS9oYy9lbi11cw/61727ece6385576a2d229dacB93d220af" style="color: rgb(94, 106, 116);">Customer Care</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(239, 239, 239); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center; margin-left: 20px; margin-right: 20px;"><br>This email was sent to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:allan.baker7878@gmail.com">allan.baker7878@gmail.com</a><br>You've signed up to receive newsletters from<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>The Atlantic</em>.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><p>If you wish to unsubscribe from<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>The Atlantic</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>newsletters,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/oc/61727ece6385576a2d229dacjfa1a.vzh/13f7c319">click here</a>.</p><p>To update your email preferences,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://link.theatlantic.com/oc/61727ece6385576a2d229dacjfa1a.vzh/13f7c319">click here</a>.</p>The Atlantic Monthly Group LLC · 610 Water Street, SW · Washington, DC 20024</div><img height="0" name="Cont_0" src="https://data-cdn.theatlantic.com/email.gif?email=%%EMAIL%%&silverid=%%RECIPIENT_ID%%&utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=atlantic-daily-newsletter" width="0" style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(33, 39, 44); color: rgb(33, 39, 44); font-family: Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244); text-decoration: none; display: inline !important; float: none;"></span></div></blockquote></div><br></div></div></body></html>