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<title>“Wiping Gaza Off the Map”: Big Money Agenda. Confiscating
Palestine’s Maritime Natural Gas Reserves</title>
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class="preview">As outlined by Felicity Arbuthnot with foresight
10 years ago in a December, 30 2013 article: “Israel is set to
become a major exporter of gas and some oil"
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style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: none;"
moz-do-not-send="true">“Wiping Gaza Off the Map”:
Big Money Agenda. Confiscating Palestine’s
Maritime Natural Gas Reserves</a></h1>
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href="https://substack.com/redirect/b9b502a6-a512-42e3-b5a0-f56dc56a6a85?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
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Chossudovsky</a></div>
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datetime="2023-10-23T15:38:51.346Z">Oct 23</time></div>
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<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-top: 0;">By
Prof. Michel Chossudovsky and Felicity Arbuthnot</p>
<h2 class="header-with-anchor-widget"
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<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Israel
has launched an invasion (October 7, 2023) of the
Gaza Strip.</p>
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for reading Michel Chossudovsky! Subscribe for
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<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">As
outlined by Felicity Arbuthnot with foresight 10
years ago in a December, 30 2013 article: </p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>“Israel
is set to become a major exporter of gas and
some oil, “</span><strong>If All Goes to Plan.””</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>In
the current context,</span><strong> Israel’s “All
Goes to Plan”</strong><span> option consists in
bypassing Palestine and “</span><strong>Wiping
Gaza off the Map,”</strong><span> as well </span><strong>confiscating
ALL Gaza’s maritime offshore gas reserves, </strong><span>worth billions
of dollars. </span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Felicity
Arbuthnot’s 2013 analysis focusses on the:</p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><strong>“The
Giant Leviathan natural gas field, in the
eastern Mediterranean</strong><span>, discovered
in December 2010, widely described [by
governments and media] as “off the coast of
Israel.”</span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>These
Levant reserves must be distinguished from</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/98bbb4b7-dace-4f7f-892e-5fc57c32d0e5?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true"> those discovered in Gaza
in 1999 by British Gas</a><span>, which belong
to Palestine. Felicity Arbuthnot’s
analysis nonetheless confirms that “Part of the
Leviathan Gas fields lie in Gazan territorial
waters” (See Map Below). </span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>Whilst
Israel claims them as her very own treasure
trove, only a fraction of the sea’s wealth lies
in Israel’s bailiwick as maps. Much is still
unexplored, but currently Palestine’s Gaza and
the West Bank between them show the greatest
discoveries… (</span><strong>Felicity Arbuthnot</strong><span>,
2013) </span></p>
</blockquote>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
</td>
<td class="content"
style="text-align: center;" width="546"
align="left"><a class="image-link"
target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/12475f03-2b63-4781-9915-a2a26359165c?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
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alt=""
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<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
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</figure>
</div>
<h2 class="header-with-anchor-widget"
style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.625em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;"><strong>Flash
Forward to October 2023</strong></h2>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>Netanyahu’s
October 2023 declaration of war against 2.3
million people of the Gaza Strip is a continuation
of its 2008-2009 invasion of Gaza under </span><strong>“Operation
Cast Lead.”</strong><span> </span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>The
underlying objective is the </span><strong>outright
military occupation of Gaza </strong><span>by
Israel’s IDF forces and</span><strong> the
expulsion of Palestinians from their homeland.</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>I
should however mention that there are powerful
financial interests which stand to benefit from
Israel’s criminal undertaking (</span><strong>genocide) </strong><span>directed
against Gaza. </span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>The
ultimate objective is not only to
exclude Palestinians from their homeland,
it consists in </span><strong>confiscating the
multi-billion dollar Gaza offshore natural gas
reserves, </strong><span>namely those pertaining
to the BG (BG Group) in 1999,</span><strong> </strong><span>as well the
Levant discoveries of 2013. </span></p>
<h2 class="header-with-anchor-widget"
style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.625em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;"><strong>Egypt-Israel
“Secret Bilateral Talks” </strong></h2>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>In
2021-22, Egypt and Israel were involved in </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/c6e7ddeb-4a98-4bde-a386-0f98733b6aa8?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">“secret bilateral talks”</a><span>
regarding “the extraction of natural gas off the
coast of the Gaza Strip. </span></p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
<table class="image-wrapper"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
</td>
<td class="content"
style="text-align: center;" width="526"
align="left"><a class="image-link"
target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/925903ad-16d1-4901-8487-090a9ed98efb?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d8e5f7e3-994a-4179-bd45-3425b93dca4d_1972x588.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":434,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":526,"bytes":null,"alt":"","title":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null}"
alt="" title="" class=""
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_526,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e5f7e3-994a-4179-bd45-3425b93dca4d_1972x588.png"
style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;"
moz-do-not-send="true" width="526"
height="156.78846153846155"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</figure>
</div>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>“Egypt
succeeded in persuading Israel to start
extracting natural gas off the coast of the Gaza
Strip, </span><strong>after several months of
secret bilateral talks.</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>This
development … comes after years of Israeli
objections to extract natural gas off the coast
of Gaza </span><strong>on [alleged] security
grounds, … </strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;">British
Gas (BG Group) has also been dealing with the Tel
Aviv government.</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;">What
is significant is that the civilian arm of the
Hamas Gaza government has been bypassed in regards
to exploration and development rights over the gas
fields: </p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>The
</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/cc0b9045-434b-43e7-afc2-023f530ed686?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">field</a><span>, which
lies about 30 kilometers (19 miles) west of the
Gaza coast, was discovered in 2000 by British
Gas (currently BG Group) and </span><strong>is
estimated to contain more than 1 trillion cubic
feet of natural gas</strong><span>. </span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>The
official in the Egyptian intelligence service
told Al-Monitor on condition of anonymity, </span><strong><span>“An
Egyptian economic and security delegation
discussed with the Israeli side for several
months the issue of allowing the extraction of
natural gas off the coast of Gaza. …(</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/c6e7ddeb-4a98-4bde-a386-0f98733b6aa8?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Al-Monitor,</a><span>
October 22, 2022)</span></strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">A
Memorandum of Understanding was signed between Egypt
and Israel, which had the rubber-stamp of the
Palestinian National Authority (PA):</p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>“The
Egyptian official explained that Israel required
the</span><strong><span> start of practical
measures to extract gas from the Gaza fields
at the beginning of 2024, to ensure its own
security. (</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/c6e7ddeb-4a98-4bde-a386-0f98733b6aa8?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Al-Monitor,</a><span>
October 22, 2022)</span></strong></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 class="header-with-anchor-widget"
style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.625em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;"><strong>Netanyahu’s
Timeline: “Before the Beginning of 2024”</strong></h2>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">The
timeline resulting from these bilateral Israel-Egypt
“secret talks” i.e. confiscation of Palestine’s
offshore maritime gas reserves is “the beginning of
2024”.</p>
<h2 class="header-with-anchor-widget"
style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.625em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;"><strong>United
Nations Assessment</strong></h2>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>An
important </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/21356c84-1e58-4d5f-ac9f-3d77f5cc5bfa?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">United Nations Conference
on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)</a><span> (2019)
report describes Palestine’s predicament as
follows: </span></p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>Geologists
and natural resources economists have confirmed
that t</span><strong>he Occupied Palestinian
Territory lies above sizeable reservoirs of oil
and natural gas wealth, in Area C of the
occupied West Bank and the Mediterranean coast
off the Gaza Strip.</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>However,
occupation </span><strong>continues to prevent
Palestinians from developing their energy fields
so as to exploit and benefit from such assets.</strong><span>
As such, the Palestinian people have been denied
the benefits of using this natural resource to
finance socioeconomic development and meet their
need for energy.</span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>The
accumulated losses are estimated in the billions
of dollars. </span><strong>The longer Israel
prevents Palestinians from exploiting their own
oil and natural gas reserves, the greater the
opportunity costs and the greater the total
costs of the occupation borne by Palestinians
become.</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>This
study identifies and assesses existing and
potential Palestinian oil and natural gas
reserves that could be exploited for the benefit
of the Palestinian people, </span><strong>which
Israel is either preventing them from exploiting
or is exploiting without due regard for
international law. </strong><span>(</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/21356c84-1e58-4d5f-ac9f-3d77f5cc5bfa?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">UNCTAD</a><span>, August
2019, emphasis added, download complete report)</span></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 class="header-with-anchor-widget"
style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.625em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;"><strong>Crimes
Against Humanity</strong></h2>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>In
the words of Netanyahu who is </span><strong>on
record for supporting and financing a faction
within Hamas: </strong></p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>“Anyone
who wants to thwart the establishment of a
Palestinian state </span><strong>has to support
bolstering Hamas and transferring money to Hamas
… </strong><span>This is part of our strategy –
to isolate the Palestinians in Gaza from the
Palestinians in the West Bank.”</span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><strong>(Benjamin Netanyahu,
</strong><span>statement at a March 2019 meeting
of his Likud Party’s Knesset members, </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/f592626b-285d-49a9-b3f9-ae5b25080775?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Haaretz</a><span>,
October 9, 2023, emphasis added)</span></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>“Hamas
was treated as a partner to the detriment of the
Palestinian Authority to prevent Abbas from
moving towards creating a Palestinian State.
Hamas was promoted from a terrorist group to an
organization with which Israel conducted
negotiations through Egypt, </span><strong>and
which was allowed to receive suitcases
containing millions of dollars from Qatar
through the Gaza crossings.”</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><span>(</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/a049b385-5be5-4f4c-a66d-329828b7a062?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Times of Israel</a><span>,
October 8, 2023, emphasis added)</span></p>
</blockquote>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Crimes
against humanity beyond description by the Netanyahu
government against the People of Palestine.</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>Crimes
also committed against the people of Israel who
are the victims of the </span><strong>Hamas
“false flag attack”</strong><span> carefully
engineered by </span><strong>Mossad-IDF.</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">There
are deep-seated divisions within Hamas. Our “false
flag” analysis pertains to a military-intelligence
faction within Hamas which cooperates with Israeli
and U.S. intelligence. See: </p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><strong><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/d6d3b93f-a2a9-4983-a50c-ef67ade5b581?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Is the Gaza-Israel
Fighting “A False Flag”? They Let it Happen?
Their Objective Is “to Wipe Gaza Off the Map”?</a><span>
</span></strong><span>By </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/98638729-8b4f-48cc-8826-54e0e0cc84d7?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Philip Giraldi</a><span>
and </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/f36590f9-fe20-4312-937d-548340b2ecdc?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Prof Michel Chossudovsky</a><span>,
October 20, 2023</span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><strong>-Michel
Chossudovsky</strong><span>, Global Research,
October 21, 2023</span></p>
<div style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px;">
<hr
style="background: #e0e0e0; border: none; height: 1px; margin: 32px 0; padding: 0;"></div>
<h1 class="header-with-anchor-widget"
style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 2em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;"><strong>Israel
Gas-Oil and Trouble in the Levant</strong></h1>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>by
</span><strong>Felicity Arbuthnot, Global Research, </strong><span>December
13, 2013</span></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Israel
is set to become a major exporter of gas and some
oil, if all goes to plan. The giant Leviathan
natural gas field, in the eastern Mediterranean,
discovered in December 2010, is widely described as
“off the coast of Israel.”</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><em> </em><span>At
the time the gas field was:</span></p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;">“
… the most prominent field ever found in the
sub-explored area of the Levantine Basin, which
covers about 83,000 square kilometres of the
eastern Mediterranean region.” (i)</p>
</blockquote>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Coupled
with Tamar field, in the same location, discovered
in 2009, the prospects are for an energy bonanza for
Israel, for Houston, Texas based Noble Energy and
partners Delek Drilling, Avner Oil Exploration and
Ratio Oil Exploration.</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Also
involved is Perth, Australia-based Woodside
Petroleum, which has signed a memorandum of
understanding for a thirty percent stake in the
project, in negotiations which have been described
as “up and down.”</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">There
is currently speculation that Woodside might pull
out of the deal: “ …since the original plans to
refrigerate the gas for export were pursued when
relations between Israel and Turkey were strained.
That has changed, more recently, which has opened
the door for gas to be piped to Turkey.”</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">The
spoils of the Leviathan field has already expanded
from an estimated 16.7 trillion cubic feet (tcf ) of
gas to nineteen trillion – and counting:</p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;">”We’ve
discovered nearly 40 tcf of gas, and we have
roughly 19 tcf of that gas that’s available for
export to both regional and extra-regional
markets. We see exports reaching 2 billion cubic
feet a day in capacity in the next decade. And we
continue to explore.”, stated Noble Vice Chairman
Keith Elliot (ii) There are also estimated to be
possibly six hundred million barrels of oil,
according to Michael Economides of
energytribune.com (“Eastern Mediterranean Energy –
the next Great Game.”)</p>
</blockquote>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"> However,
even these estimates may prove modest. In
their: “Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas
Resources of the Levant Basin Province, Eastern
Mediterranean”, the US Department of the Interior’s
US Geological Survey, wrote in 2010:</p>
<blockquote
style="border-left: 4px solid #538cfa; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;"><strong>“We
estimated a mean of 1.7 billion barrels of
recoverable oil and a mean of 122 trillion cubic
feet of recoverable gas in this province using a
geology based assessment methodology.”</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Nevertheless,
Woodside Petroleum, might also be hesitant to become
involved in further disputes, since they are already
embroiled, with the Australian government, in a
protracted one in East Timor relating to the
bonanaza of energy and minerals beneath the Timor
Sea, which has even led to East Timor accusing
Australia “of bugging East Timorese officials during
the negotiations over the agreement.”(iii)</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Woodside’s
conflict in East Timor however, may well pale
against what might well erupt over the Leviathan and
Tamar fields. The area is not for nothing called the
Levantine Basin.</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><strong>Whilst
Israel claims them as her very own treasure trove,
only a fraction of the sea’s wealth lies in
Israel’s bailiwick as maps (iv, v, see below)
clearly show.</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><span>Much
is still unexplored, but currently </span><strong>Palestine’s
Gaza and the West Bank between them show the
greatest discoveries, with anything found in
Lebanon and Syria’s territorial waters sure to
involve claims from both countries.</strong></p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
<table class="image-wrapper"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
</td>
<td class="content"
style="text-align: center;" width="516"
align="left"><a class="image-link"
target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/388170e6-f3a8-46f4-9563-9ee1c67e3027?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/077ed2eb-58da-4c70-9884-8f3259d22085_600x638.jpeg","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":638,"width":600,"resizeWidth":516,"bytes":null,"alt":"","title":"levant gas map1 felicity","type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null}"
alt=""
title="levant gas map1 felicity"
class=""
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_516,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F077ed2eb-58da-4c70-9884-8f3259d22085_600x638.jpeg"
style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;"
moz-do-not-send="true" width="516"
height="548.68"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<figcaption class="image-caption"
style="box-sizing: content-box; color: #808080; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.15px; line-height: 20px; margin-top: 8px; padding-left: 15%; padding-right: 15%; text-align: center; width: 70%;"></figcaption></figure>
</div>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
<table class="image-wrapper"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
</td>
<td class="content"
style="text-align: center;" width="387"
align="left"><a class="image-link"
target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/26574ce8-3785-4832-8893-34bdd64b9ea1?j=eyJ1IjoiMTZuazBpIn0.lVX4jtMsAIqRT5k_ustSvDngg7p52TAzq303tQ7hBs4"
rel=""
style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f5e6bc69-cb77-4549-a5dc-30bf247e19cf_387x386.gif","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":386,"width":387,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":null,"alt":"","title":"LevantineEnergyCorridor","type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null}"
alt="" title="LevantineEnergyCorridor"
class=""
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_387,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5e6bc69-cb77-4549-a5dc-30bf247e19cf_387x386.gif"
style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;"
moz-do-not-send="true" width="387"
height="386"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</figure>
</div>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">In
a pre-emptive move, on Christmas Day, Syria
announced a deal with Russia to explore 2,190
kilometres (850 Sq. miles) for oil and gas off its
Mediterranean coast, to be: “… financed by Russia,
and should oil and gas be discovered in commercial
quantities, Moscow will recover the exploration
costs.”</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Syrian
Oil Minister, Ali Abbas said during the signing
ceremony that the contract covers “25 years, over
several phases.”</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Syria,
increasingly crippled by international sanctions,
has seen oil production plummet by ninety percent
since the largely Western fermented unrest began in
March 2011. Gas production has nearly halved, from
thirty million cubic metres a day, to 16.7 cubic
metres daily.</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">The
agreement is reported to have resulted from “months
of long negotiations” between the two countries.
Russia, as one of the Syrian government’s main
backers, looks set to also become a major player in
the Levant Basin’s energy wealth. (vi)</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Lebanon
disputes Israel’s map of the Israeli-Lebanese
maritime border, filing their own map and claims
with the UN in 2010. Israel claims Lebanon is in the
process of granting oil and gas exploration licenses
in what Israel claims as its “exclusive economic
zone.”</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">That
the US in the guise of Vice President Joe Biden, as
honest broker, acting peace negotiator in the
maritime border dispute would be laughable, were it
not potential for Israel to attack their neighbour
again. In a visit to Israel in March 2010, Biden
announced: “There is absolutely no space between the
United States and Israel when it comes to Israel’s
security- none at all”, also announcing on arrival
in Israel:”It’s good to be home.”</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Given
US decades of “peace brokering” between Israel and
Palestine, this is already a road of pitfalls, one
sidedness and duplicity, well traveled. There is
trouble ahead.</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">Oh,
and in demonology, Leviathan is one of the seven
princes of Hell.</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;"><strong>Notes</strong></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">i.
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/leviathan-gas-field-levantine-israel/">http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/leviathan-gas-field-levantine-israel/</a></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">ii.
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://m.theage.com.au/business/options-widen-for-woodsides-leviathan-partners-20131219-2znu6.html">http://m.theage.com.au/business/options-widen-for-woodsides-leviathan-partners-20131219-2znu6.html</a></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">iii.
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-09-04/east-timor-offers-funds-for-onshore">http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-09-04/east-timor-offers-funds-for-onshore</a>-
gas-processing/4933106</p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">iv.
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/leviathan-gas-field-levantine-israel/leviathan-gas-field-levantine-israel1.html">http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/leviathan-gas-field-levantine-israel/leviathan-gas-field-levantine-israel1.html</a></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">v.
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=Leviathan+gas+project+Israel+map&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=ntC2UvO7IcPE7Ab7rIDYCQ&ved=0CEQQsAQ&biw=1017&bih=598">http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=Leviathan+gas+project+Israel+map&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=ntC2UvO7IcPE7Ab7rIDYCQ&ved=0CEQQsAQ&biw=1017&bih=598</a></p>
<p
style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">vi.
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.phantomreport.com/syria-inks-oil-gas-deal-with-russia-firm#more-20238">http://www.phantomreport.com/syria-inks-oil-gas-deal-with-russia-firm#more-20238</a></p>
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